Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. Explain how helminths evade the immune system. Of the three options listed, which is the preferred method to protect employees from exposure to blood or OPIM? although standard precautions apply to all potentially infections situations, TBPs are chosen based on the potential means of transmission of the disease or condition. A Virus Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. <>
Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. B fungus. destroying their nucleic acids. a. an aerotolerant anaerobe b. an obligate aerobe c. an obligate anaerobe d. a facultative anaerobe View Text Answer Jump To Question In Model 1 a pathogen (virus, bacteria, foreign protein, parasite) has entered the bloodstream of an individual. become plasma cells. How much to the bowl? Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronically inflamed joints. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? Apply. On encountering the pathogen, B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies into our blood. The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier. 7. c. employers must have written airborne pathogen exposure control plans I'm workspace. Washing your hands is one of the main ways to prevent from getting sick. The human leg can be compared to a physical pendulum, with a "natural" swinging period at which walking is easiest. What do "having the measles" and being vaccinated against the measles have in common? passive period of illness = the time at which the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe. Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. 36. A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. memory cell 2 0 obj
Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50 of 1 106 particles. heat You have recently identified a new toxin. Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. A Cold and flu difficulty breathing, difficulty breathing <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>>
(proficiency; vagrancy). a. Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? neutral, active, active, passive -Hand washing Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. Primary pathogens are capable of causing pathological changes associated with disease in a healthy individual. They are both forms of active immunity. 27. P. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. D. Giardia. The Shiga and diphtheria toxins target __________ in host cells. A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen. The reason the complement system is called that is because it An employee, who has an occupational exposure potential with blood or OPIM, does not need to notify their supervisor as to the existence of an open sore. IgE, IgE "Even indirect contact with HBV, such as getting spilled blood on a small cut on your hand, is considered a significant sourse of occupational exposure. 4. Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens Toll-Free 1-877-922-7233 Program #07-108 www.osha-safety-training.net Employee Training Quiz - Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens 1. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - pathogen pairs is incorrect? Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. OSHA mandates that all employers are required to provide the Hepatits B vaccination to employees free of charge. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. Can you place a MediaView in multiple Panes? TCR, BCR Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? Ability to be transported initially to the host 2. *The acquired defense system will also recognize cancer cells with abnormal membrane proteins and destroy them. If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. 28. thyroid and tonsils Virulence factors contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. Section: 07.02. possess fimbrae. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. It is one of the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea and the most common cause of foodborne-related hospitalizations and deaths. Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. It acts as a spreading factor. ", "According the Centers for Disease Control, how many people living in the United States suffer from chronic HBV? Antigenic __________ is the result of reassortment of genes responsible for the production of influenza virus spike proteins between different virus particles while in the same host, whereas antigenic __________ is the result of point mutations in the spike proteins. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. False, True {H(Iq4fU{dwYVH@hi!XM!9/fiTxUyf+0v
Aq]e;-yTzY7&#wcYk#Doyiclr"c!C Laws against___ have been challenged in court on the grounds that they violate one's constitutional rights. He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. A very hot 300 g copper cylinder is dropped into the water, causing the water to boil, with 5.00 g being converted to steam. A 150 g copper bowl contains 220 g of water, both at 20.0^\circC. epinephrine. Section: 07.02. Small parasitic worms that attack specific tissues or organs are known as what? (b) In terms of quantity of pathogen, in what way are these periods different? Section: 07.02, In SCID, antibodies are missing but T cells function normally. the chemical forms a gas that is inhaled and travels deep into the lungs, Viruses regularly move between animals and humans in mayor but dangerous cases a brothers may undergo a genetic change that increases its risk of causing serious disease in human populations of the following changes in human animal interactions could reasonably be expected to increase the risk of human harm due to virus exposure, Humans now raise large number of animals for food, A medical facility stores material that produce out for radiation these materials are located in room surrounded by thin wooden walls what are the specific rest to a worker walking just outside the room, tobacco smoke is a teratogen. Since fungal infections are of a certain type of microorganism, areas o fhte that can be infected include all but which of the following? (b) Period of illness = pathogen is multiplying and reaches it maximum (b) How do they differ? What are pathogens? *People with allergies produce ten times more IgE than those people without allergies. If the acupuncture needles are not sterile, pathogens could enter skin tissue or blood vessels, potentially initiating an infection. Some infections cause disease, which is any deviation from the normal function or structure of the host. Salmonella is the name of a group of bacteria that causes the infection salmonellosis. Which of the following is not required as part of an organization's exposure control plan? <>
The hallmark symptoms of meningitis include all of the following except? *Anything that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body is called an antigen. malaria, AIDS active, passive The final temperature of the system is 100^\circC. They phagocytize any pathogenic bacteria that attempt to infect. The new gorilla brought a virus that infects gorillas without causing disease, but is virulent to chimpanzees. Section: 07.04. neutral, passive *In severe combined immunodeficiency disease, both B and T cells are lacking. You have recently identified a new toxin. A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. The four main functions of inflammation are to protect the body from further damage, remove damaged tissue, repair tissue damage, and prevent the spread of infection. Bacteria in a biofilm are coated in EPS and, therefore, are not easily treated with antibiotics. complement It is an injection of serum that contains antibodies. Why will a diverging (convex) mirror never produce a real image? Infect healthy rats with the pathogen (i.e., the wild-type strain) and observe signs of disease (phenotype).Identify the gene that is responsible for the production of the fimbriae. There is currently no vaccination available for Hepatitis B. Which of the following viruses lives permanently in the cells and flares up periodically? ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. B Chicken Pox Section: 07.05, Histamine, released during inflammation, is associated with which defense mechanism? Suppose X is Poisson distributed with parameter =2.\lambda=2.=2. *The RhoGAM shot is an example of passive immunity. This should be quickly treated with Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. False b. histamine. mycoses. hay fever 22. Section: 07.03, Which of the following is in the correct order in the formation of antibodies? Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? 1. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. Consider the leg as two rods joined rigidly together at the knee; the axis for the leg is the hip joint. adaptive, innate Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. List the types of substances to which each of the following chromatographic methods is most applicable: Biofilm forms EPS, which allows the bacteria to remain attached to the host tissues. False, True This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum endobj
", "The use of gloves does not eliminate the need for proper and regular hand washing. IgA antibodies prevent pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells in the digestive and respiratory tract. Which type of isolation requires the following: keep the patient in a separate room with the door closed; all staff wear protective gowns, masks, and gloves; and . active, neutral D Yeast infections, What pathogen causes diseases that are often spread through contaminated water? *Allergic responses are hypersensitivities (greater sensitivities). Section: 07.05, An allergic response is an over reaction of the immune system. C. Plasmodium You have recently identified a new toxin. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bloodborne diseases are most commonly spread through mother-to-child transmission, unprotected sex, and:, Which of the following describes proper use of PPE to safeguard against exposure to bloodborne pathogens?, If you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen while at work, your employer must offer you post-exposure evaluation and . They are both forms of an infection. possess specific receptors. They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? If clearly labeled, food and drink are permitted in areas where BBP exposures may occur. people who were recently vaccinated for the flu. 17. Explain why each of these is important for human survival. Devise an arrangement of mirrors allowing you to see the back of your head. Which of the following is a common and serious foodborne pathogen? *Epinephrine counteracts the effects of histamine in anaphylactic shock. (d) affinity. Acupuncture involves needles that are inserted into the skin. Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. True The adaptive immune response includes: humoral immune response, cell-mediated immune response IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. B Inchworms 24. endobj
Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? which of the following would not be considered a pathogen? The site-specific document that describes how UNLV complies with the BBP standard is the. During which stage of the infection process is an individual highly contagious? complimentary 16. is composed of normal flora. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. thymus and bone marrow You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement (c) What initiates the period of decline? This category is best described by which of the following? Which of the following is not a bloodborne pathogen? What is the most important thing that needs to match between him and the kidney donor? This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. C Yeast infection Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? Microbe c. Protozoa b. Bacteria d. Fungii ____ 2. False, True Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. 9. Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. You also discover that it targets liver cells. a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure. Section: 07.03, Shaun was in need of a kidney transplant. True As a mountain erodes, sediment can accumulate in a nearby _____. An employee who has been exposed to blood or OPIM must be offered a private medical evaluation. False, False 35. Approximately how many people die each year as a result of nosocomial infections? Does the Earth really go around the Sun? Therefore, it causes breaks in the skin that could serve as a portal of entry for pathogens. *The Mantoux skin test uses the delayed allergic response to indicate exposure to tuberculosis. Section: 07.02, Inflammation is normally a self-limiting process. Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . stream
The EPS can act as an absorbent, reducing the amount of antibiotic that can attack the bacterial cells. Which of the following is defined as a plant or animal so small it can only be seen with a microscope? they are lost as we age. All of the following diseases are primarily spread by animals or insects except? True pa help po sagutan 10 words lang po ok na po thanks po Section: 07.04, The RhoGAM shot given to Rh negative mothers with an Rh positive fetus is an example of what type of immunity? School Georgia State University; Course Title MATH 2212; Type. 25. The relative risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is great. Which of the following is not a vaccine recommended for college students? As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). Employees who have an occupational exposure risk to blood or OPIM are to be offered the hepatitis B vaccination at no cost. All of the following are major forms of disease transmission except? A bacterial infection called lyme disease is spread by what? ____ 1. True 4. Section: 07.03, Phil was exposed to parasitic worms on a recent field trip to the tropics. A Protozoans Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? Section: 07.05, Which autoimmune disease is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves? B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. *The antigen first binds to the B-cell receptor (BCR) to activate antibody-mediated immunity. what is the importance of corals? The Shiga and diphtheria toxins target __________ in host cells. A. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. They phagocytize any pathogenic bacteria that attempt to infect. - it acts as a mutagen and carcinogen )IAjBhX3d_FXLM5[7w ;crmYzw=4+7+ts37m?FW`4Tm*;`BGAQx ."VE1 31. All of the following groups are among the most vulnerable to infectious illnesses except? *True, cytokines are produced by T lymphocytes, macrophages, and other cells. In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. 11. A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. 36. *The four signs of inflammation are redness, heat, swelling, and pain. Two periods of acute disease are the periods of illness and period of decline. 21. Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. Nb['hm MHC Signs: fever *IgE antibody levels rise in an parasite infection and would therefore be higher than normal. q"]dg' ~2CqfR
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~s9(kB4)a26;]DP/>EahC_6KaKfho s2Lr`P(L"eG5dM|cGzU\BVszPdQj-XT2%dsg*fs9]XG%ZZ4cCzaOOzdivV> Section: 07.03, Cytotoxic T cells contain what type of molecules that punch holes in the plasma membranes of potential pathogens? steroid *(g) chiral. Proper and regular hand washing is the key to the prevention of the spread of nosocomial infections, "According to the 2011 Tork Report, you come in contact with 300 surfaces every 30 minutes exposing you to ___________ germs! 29. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. D antibodies. toxic shock syndrome has been assiciated witht the use of what? antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; B cell activated; plasma cells form D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? Any visible signs of illness could affect the observations made. The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. Section: 07.02. in a household with smokers, which of the following health outcomes is most likely to occur, if a family was exposed to arsenic over a long period of time, which of the following health outcomes would be most likely, nervous system disorders and problems in brain development leading to low IQ. Nosocomial diseases are acquired from hospital settings. 1. a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? 1. What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? causing them to burst. (f) gel filtration. Which type of disease is this? The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. *"Innate" in this context means that these defenses act indiscriminately against all pathogens. acid pH of stomach A) the sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection. a type of white blood cell True or False 3. Humoral immunity: The B-cells produce an army of proteins is response to the pathogen. delayed allergic Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. B-cell mediated. Neglect energy transfers with the environment. is part of the inflammatory response. epinephrine all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? True It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. Saved Help Which of the following statements is correct about the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans? Inflammation is a response to infection or injury that helps the body heal. microorganisms. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. D. It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. 7zP$>O Zcm62b* . Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. D. fimbriae, 14. The tiniest and toughest pathogens are what? 26. (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. answer choices Virus Bacteria Fungi Parasite/Protist They are all alive Question 2 10 seconds Q. plasma cells form; B cell divides; B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR, antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? D Protozoan, Unit 7: Alcohol, Drugs and Tobacco Awareness, Honors English III Final Exam- Vocab and Rhet, Spanish Exam Speaking Questions and Answers, Dutton's Orthopaedic: Examination, Evaluation and Intervention. Check all that apply Activation or inactivation of host cell DNA Binding to RNAs that silence genes Affect host cell DNA that is responsible for cytoskeleton organization Exchange of capsule genes between pathogen and host cell Secretion of . In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. active Which pathogen is most virulent? Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? all of the following may contribute to urinary tract infections except? *Inflammation and the release of histamine is part of the body's innate defenses. Signs of a disease are objective and are measured. The risk of HIV/AIDS transmission from a needle stick is approximately _____ percent. rheumatoid arthritis What is the intensity of this light? Pages 35 Ratings 100% (6) 6 out of 6 people found this document helpful; Or is it also valid to say that the Sun goes around the Earth? IgE, IgM Organisms that lack chlorophyll and consist of reproductive spores and threadlike fibers represent what? C Protozoa Hypersensitivity to a substance in one's diet or environment is called what? 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity, { "15.01:_Characteristics_of_Infectious_Diseases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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which of the following is a pathogen quizlet